Understanding early decision, early action and rolling admissions

When applying to college, timing is everything. Understanding the difference between early decision, early action and rolling admissions can give you a strategic edge in the admissions process. Each plan comes with its own deadlines, benefits and risks, and choosing the right one could improve your chances of getting into your top-choice school.

What is Early Decision?

Early Decision (ED) is a binding application option that demonstrates your strong commitment to a single institution. When you apply ED, you’re making a promise: if accepted, you will attend that school.

Key Early Decision Facts:

• Application deadline: Typically November 1 or November 15
• Decision notification: Usually mid-December
• Binding commitment: You must withdraw all other college applications if accepted
• Financial aid consideration: You’ll receive your financial aid package with your acceptance

What is Early Action?

Early Action (EA) offers the benefits of applying early without the binding commitment. This option gives you the advantage of receiving an early decision while maintaining the freedom to consider other offers.

Key Early Action Facts:

• Application deadline: Similar to ED, usually November 1 or 15
• Decision notification: December to January
• Non-binding: You can apply to multiple EA schools and still have until May 1 to decide
• Two variations: Regular EA and Restrictive EA (less common and limits other early applications)

What is Rolling Admissions?

Rolling Admissions operates on a first-come, first-served basis. Schools evaluate applications as they arrive, rather than waiting for a specific deadline to review all applications at once.

Key Rolling Admissions Facts:

• Application window: Opens early (often September) and remains open until spots fill
• Decision timeline: Typically 4-8 weeks after submission
• Non-binding: You can apply to multiple schools and decide by May 1
• Space-dependent: The longer you wait, the fewer spots remain available

How to Choose the Right Application Option

Deciding which application timeline to use requires careful consideration of your personal circumstances, thorough research, and strategic planning. Let’s break down this process into manageable steps:

Consider These Factors:

• Certainty level: How sure are you about your top choice?
• Financial considerations: Need to compare financial aid packages?
• Application readiness: Will your profile (GPA, test scores, essays) improve significantly later in the year?
• School policies: Research each school’s specific definitions and restrictions

Tips for Application Success

• Research thoroughly: Understand each school’s specific policies and the profile of successful applicants
• Visit campuses when possible: Both virtual and in-person visits provide crucial insights into campus culture
• Prepare application components early: Even for Rolling Admissions, complete essays and recommendation requests by summer before senior year
• Implement a mixed strategy: Apply ED/EA to top choices and Rolling/Regular to safety schools
• Create a detailed timeline: Track all deadlines, requirements, and supplemental materials in one organized system
• Never sacrifice quality for timing: A polished Regular Decision application trumps a rushed Early application
• Practice for interviews: Many early applicants are invited for admissions interviews, so be prepared

Making this decision requires thorough research about each university on your list. Understanding the culture, programs, and admission trends at each school will help you determine where early applications might give you the greatest advantage.

Application Timeline Comparison

*Some schools offer ED2 with a January deadline if you’re rejected from ED1 **Restrictive EA may limit other early applications

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I apply Early Decision to more than one school?

No. ED is a binding agreement with one institution. However, some schools offer ED2 rounds with later deadlines if you’re rejected or deferred from your ED1 school.

What happens if I’m deferred from Early Action?

Your application will be reconsidered with the Regular Decision pool. Continue to express interest and update the school with any new achievements.

Do Rolling Admissions schools ever fill up completely?

Yes. Popular programs at rolling admissions schools can fill their class well before the published “final” deadline.

Is it easier to get scholarships through Early Decision?

Not necessarily. Merit scholarships are typically awarded based on your qualifications regardless of application timeline. However, some scholarship funds may be limited, so applying early ensures consideration for all available funds.

The “best” application timeline depends entirely on your individual circumstances, preferences and needs. Remember that college admissions is not just about getting in, it’s about finding the right fit for your academic, social and financial needs. Make your decision based on what works best for you, not just what might give you a slight edge in acceptance rates.